November 26, 2025

Cheburashka's Nationality Debated


Cheburashka's Nationality Debated
Popular Soviet cartoon character Cheburashka. The Russian Life files

What can a crate of oranges tell you about a beloved non-human, Soviet fictional character’s nationality? As it turns out, citrus may be the necessary clue to settling the debate at the highest levels: the Russian State Duma recently discussed the nationality of Cheburashka, a beloved non-human fictional character from a popular Soviet stop-motion cartoon.

During a Budget and Tax Committee meeting, Andrei Makarov, a member of the Duma, joked that Cheburashka is Jewish. His evidence: the crate of oranges in which the character was discovered. According to Makarov, Israel was the only country importing oranges to the USSR during the time of the cartoon's airing. This crate of oranges became key evidence in solving the mystery of Cheburashka’s nationality. 

Despite other members of the Duma suggesting that Cheburashka could be from Morocco or Spain, as these countries also exported citrus, Makarov remained firm that Cheburashka must be Jewish. 

The debate arose around funding for the Native Toy Competition, which seeks to create Russian alternatives to foreign toy brands. One offscreen member of the Duma is heard saying, “No Labubu, only our matryoshka dolls.” Makarov then suggests Cheburashka as a step forward from the simple wooden matryoshka doll (and perhaps a bit closer to Labubu).

Cheburashka first appeared in the Soviet writer Eduard Uspensky’s 1966 children’s book Gena the Crocodile and his Friends. The character’s popularity increased with the 1969 release of "Gena the Crocodile," a short stop-motion animated film. 

Cheburashka has a confusing mix of animal features: large, round ears and a small furry body. A fruit and vegetable seller uncovers Cheburashka in a crate of oranges, but cannot leave him at the zoo, because he is rejected as a “beast unknown to science.”

Theories pointing to Cheburashka’s Jewishness circulated prior to Makarov’s statement. Many of the staff at the Russian and previously Soviet animation studio Soyuzmultfilm were Jewish, and it is possible that Cheburashka represented aspects of their identity.

Still, Cheburashka continues to resonate with viewers worldwide. The most recent addition to the franchise was a live-action film released in 2023. 

With Soyuzmultfilm’s registration of the Chebubu trademark, it might not be long until the Labubus are packed up in shipping crates and Cheburashkas hit the shelves.

You Might Also Like

From Toys to Training
  • October 16, 2025

From Toys to Training

Russia expands cadet kindergartens, where preschoolers train like soldiers.
A Pro-War Childhood?
  • October 31, 2024

A Pro-War Childhood?

Russian children are being instilled with militant patriotism through plays, stories, cartoons, and toys.
Like this post? Get a weekly email digest + member-only deals

Some of our Books

Russian Rules
November 16, 2011

Russian Rules

From the shores of the White Sea to Moscow and the Northern Caucasus, Russian Rules is a high-speed thriller based on actual events, terrifying possibilities, and some really stupid decisions.

Little Golden Calf
February 01, 2010

Little Golden Calf

Our edition of The Little Golden Calf, one of the greatest Russian satires ever, is the first new translation of this classic novel in nearly fifty years. It is also the first unabridged, uncensored English translation ever, and is 100% true to the original 1931 serial publication in the Russian journal 30 Dnei. Anne O. Fisher’s translation is copiously annotated, and includes an introduction by Alexandra Ilf, the daughter of one of the book’s two co-authors.

93 Untranslatable Russian Words
December 01, 2008

93 Untranslatable Russian Words

Every language has concepts, ideas, words and idioms that are nearly impossible to translate into another language. This book looks at nearly 100 such Russian words and offers paths to their understanding and translation by way of examples from literature and everyday life. Difficult to translate words and concepts are introduced with dictionary definitions, then elucidated with citations from literature, speech and prose, helping the student of Russian comprehend the word/concept in context.

Murder at the Dacha
July 01, 2013

Murder at the Dacha

Senior Lieutenant Pavel Matyushkin has a problem. Several, actually. Not the least of them is the fact that a powerful Soviet boss has been murdered, and Matyushkin's surly commander has given him an unreasonably short time frame to close the case.

Fish
February 01, 2010

Fish

This mesmerizing novel from one of Russia’s most important modern authors traces the life journey of a selfless Russian everywoman. In the wake of the Soviet breakup, inexorable forces drag Vera across the breadth of the Russian empire. Facing a relentless onslaught of human and social trials, she swims against the current of life, countering adversity and pain with compassion and hope, in many ways personifying Mother Russia’s torment and resilience amid the Soviet disintegration.

Marooned in Moscow
May 01, 2011

Marooned in Moscow

This gripping autobiography plays out against the backdrop of Russia's bloody Civil War, and was one of the first Western eyewitness accounts of life in post-revolutionary Russia. Marooned in Moscow provides a fascinating account of one woman's entry into war-torn Russia in early 1920, first-person impressions of many in the top Soviet leadership, and accounts of the author's increasingly dangerous work as a journalist and spy, to say nothing of her work on behalf of prisoners, her two arrests, and her eventual ten-month-long imprisonment, including in the infamous Lubyanka prison. It is a veritable encyclopedia of life in Russia in the early 1920s.

Faith & Humor
December 01, 2011

Faith & Humor

A book that dares to explore the humanity of priests and pilgrims, saints and sinners, Faith & Humor has been both a runaway bestseller in Russia and the focus of heated controversy – as often happens when a thoughtful writer takes on sacred cows. The stories, aphorisms, anecdotes, dialogues and adventures in this volume comprise an encyclopedia of modern Russian Orthodoxy, and thereby of Russian life.

Moscow and Muscovites
November 26, 2013

Moscow and Muscovites

Vladimir Gilyarovsky's classic portrait of the Russian capital is one of Russians’ most beloved books. Yet it has never before been translated into English. Until now! It is a spectactular verbal pastiche: conversation, from gutter gibberish to the drawing room; oratory, from illiterates to aristocrats; prose, from boilerplate to Tolstoy; poetry, from earthy humor to Pushkin. 

Stargorod: A Novel in Many Voices
May 01, 2013

Stargorod: A Novel in Many Voices

Stargorod is a mid-sized provincial city that exists only in Russian metaphorical space. It has its roots in Gogol, and Ilf and Petrov, and is a place far from Moscow, but close to Russian hearts. It is a place of mystery and normality, of provincial innocence and Black Earth wisdom. Strange, inexplicable things happen in Stargorod. So do good things. And bad things. A lot like life everywhere, one might say. Only with a heavy dose of vodka, longing and mystery.

About Us

Russian Life is the 31-year-old publication of an award-winning publishing house that also creates books, and other products for Russophiles the world over.

Latest Posts

Our Contacts

Russian Life
73 Main Street, Suite 402
Montpelier VT 05602

802-223-4955